| Republic of Indonesia Republik Indonesia | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||
| Motto: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Old Javanese) Unity in Diversity National ideology: Pancasila[1] | ||||||
| Anthem: Indonesia Raya | ||||||
 | ||||||
| Capital (and largest city) | Jakarta (land)) 6°10.5′S 106°49.7′E / 6.175°S 106.8283°E | |||||
| Official languages | Indonesian | |||||
| Demonym | Indonesian | |||||
| Government | Presidential republic | |||||
| - | President | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | ||||
| - | Vice President | Jusuf Kalla | ||||
| Independence | from the Netherlands | |||||
| - | Declared | 17 August 1945 | ||||
| - | Acknowledged | 27 December 1949 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 1,919,440 (land) km2 (16th) 735,355 sq mi | ||||
| - | Water (%) | 4.85 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | 2009 estimate | 229,965,000[2] (4th) | ||||
| - | 2000 census | 206,264,595 | ||||
| - | Density | 119.8/km2 (84th) 312.7/sq mi | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2008 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $908.242 billion[3] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $3,986[3] | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2008 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $511.765 billion[3] | ||||
| - | Per capita | $2,246[3] | ||||
| Gini (2002) | 34.3 | |||||
| HDI (2008) | ▲ 0.726 (medium) (109th) | |||||
| Currency | Rupiah (IDR) | |||||
| Time zone | various (UTC+7 to +9) | |||||
| Drives on the | left | |||||
| Internet TLD | .id | |||||
| Calling code | 62 | |||||
Jumat, 25 September 2009
republic of indonesia
etymology
Etymology
The name Indonesia derives from the Latin Indus, meaning "India", and the Greek nesos, meaning "island".[4] The name dates to the 18th century, far predating the formation of independent Indonesia.[5] In 1850, George Earl, an English ethnologist, proposed the terms Indunesians — and, his preference, Malayunesians — for the inhabitants of the "Indian Archipelago or Malayan Archipelago".[6] In the same publication, a student of Earl's, James Richardson Logan, used Indonesia as a synonym for Indian Archipelago.[7] However, Dutch academics writing in East Indies publications were reluctant to use Indonesia. Instead, they used the terms Malay Archipelago (Maleische Archipel); the Netherlands East Indies (Nederlandsch Oost Indië), popularly Indië; the East (de Oost); and even Insulinde.[8]
From 1900, the name Indonesia became more common in academic circles outside the Netherlands, and Indonesian nationalist groups adopted it for political expression.[9] Adolf Bastian, of the University of Berlin, popularized the name through his book Indonesien oder die Inseln des Malayischen Archipels, 1884–1894. The first Indonesian scholar to use the name was Suwardi Suryaningrat (Ki Hajar Dewantara), when he established a press bureau in the Netherlands with the name Indonesisch Pers-bureau in 1913.stuctural
The Republic of Indonesia (pronounced /ˌɪndoʊˈniːziə/ or /ˌɪndəˈniːʒə/) (Indonesian: Republik Indonesia), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia comprises 17,508 islands, and with an estimated population of around 237 million people, it is the world's fourth most populous country, and has the largest Muslim population in the world.
Indonesia is a republic, with an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since at least the seventh century, when the Srivijaya Kingdom traded with China and India. Local rulers gradually adopted Indian cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders brought Islam, and European powers fought one another to monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. Following three and a half centuries of Dutch colonialism, Indonesia secured its independence after World War II. Indonesia's history has since been turbulent, with challenges posed by natural disasters, corruption, separatism, a democratization process, and periods of rapid economic change.
Across its many islands, Indonesia consists of distinct ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups. The Javanese are the largest and most politically dominant ethnic group. Indonesia has developed a shared identity defined by a national language, ethnic diversity, religious pluralism within a majority Muslim population, and a history of colonialism including rebellion against it. Indonesia's national motto, "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" ("Unity in Diversity" literally, "many, yet one"), articulates the diversity that shapes the country. However, sectarian tensions and separatism have led to violent confrontations that have undermined political and economic stability. Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the world's second highest level of biodiversity. The country is richly endowed with natural resources, yet poverty is a defining feature of contemporary Indonesiaindonesian location
| Location: | Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean |
| Population: | 234,693,997 (July 2007 est.) |
| Capital: | name: Jakarta geographic coordinates: 6 10 S, 106 48 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: Indonesia is divided into three time zones |
| GDP per : | $3,800 (2006 est.) |
farmer job
Smallholder Agribusiness Development Initiative (SADI)
Being a farmer is not easy – not just in Indonesia but all over the world. To be successful they must overcome many elements which they can’t control such as the weather, pests, natural disasters and market prices. However help is on its way! Groups of cattle farmers in Lombok and South Sulawesi are getting assistance from an ACIAR (Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research) - SADI (The Smallholder Agribusiness Development Initiative) research team. Cattle-farming is one of the best ways smallholder farmers can increase their income as cattle are more profitable than grain.
The ACIAR–SADI research team has also introduced simple management practices to enhance stock survival and productivity. Groups of farmers are now keeping their cattle in collective kandangs (barns) which they have built themselves with assistance from SADI and the local Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten. By using these simple feeding and management technologies, smallholder farmers can more quickly become owners and producers of a valuable product in high demand, and in a growing market. It was a fascinating day for Kang Guru and we learned a lotlove indonesia
what are love about indonesia
They both agree about the diversity that they have seen in Indonesia recalling the opportunities they have had to visit communities in places as distinct as Banda Aceh and Nias, Yogyakarta, Balikpapan, Komodo and Kupang. “The richness of different cultures, plus the binding presence of Bahasa Indonesia and a common Indonesian identity have been striking as we have travelled around”, the Ambassador said. Mrs Farmer commented on the many signs of religious observance and diversity she has seen throughout the archipelago
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